Physical · Chemical Thermodynamics
Chemical Thermodynamics
Exam-focused revision notes on Chemical Thermodynamics for CSIR-NET Chemical Sciences, GATE Chemistry and IIT-JAM — the core concepts, the formulas worth memorising, the traps that cost marks, and a quick-recall table.
The core idea
Thermodynamics tells you the direction and extent of change using state functions (U, H, S, G) — it says nothing about rate. State functions depend only on the state, not the path.
What this note covers
- 1The core idea
- 2First law (conservation of energy)
- 3Enthalpy H
- 4Hess's law & standard states
- 5Second law & entropy S
- 6Third law
- 7Gibbs free energy & spontaneity
- 8ΔG, ΔG° and the equilibrium constant
- 9Common traps students miss
- 1030-second recall: ΔH / ΔS → spontaneity
Read the full note
The remaining 9 sections — including the worked examples, the common-traps list and the quick-recall table — are part of ChemVidya Full Access, along with 6,000+ practice questions.
See plansOpen in the appMore notes in Physical
Atomic Term SymbolsPhysical · Atomic Structure & Term SymbolsChemical Dynamics — Reaction-Rate TheoriesPhysical · Chemical DynamicsChemical Equilibrium — K, Q & Le ChatelierPhysical · Chemical EquilibriumChemical KineticsPhysical · Chemical KineticsColligative PropertiesPhysical · Colligative PropertiesColloids & Surface ChemistryPhysical · Colloids & Surfaces